Xochicalco: place in the house of flowers.
Founded in 200 BC, had the greatest splendor between 650 and 900 d. C. This place is characterized by its buildings to be a celestial vantage point of the most interesting in Mexico.
The world view of its ancient inhabitants allowed to embed the regular movement of the stars of its geographic around this extraordinary urbanization that even today we can admire. Xochicalco is in Mexican state of Morelos is one of those places Heritage . Its privileged position above the top of a big hill, as well as to dominate a vast landscape and allow easy defense, then complemented with the astronomical and geographical observation. Demonstrating great insight developed in the past thousands of years by the Mesoamerican people in their world view to introduce concepts related to the space-time-ritual landscape.
The complex of Plaza de la Estela de los dos Glyphosate, for example, is an observatory that calibrates the horizontal calendar year. In the field of play Pelota during the days of the equinox in the stone rings places on the wall one can observe the solar disk exactly in the center of these circles. The pyramid of las Serpientes Emplumadas with its inclination and its glyph is a huge calendar.
The Acropolis is an observatory Paso Cenital (step of the zenith, or when the sun is vertically above the observer's head) as well as Cueva Astronomical a cave where you can enjoy a great beam of sunlight perpendicular.
The Paso Cenicial only occurs in areas of the tropics during the solstice summer (20 or June 21) and on two other occasions: the past May 15 and July 29 the next (respectively arrival of the rains and the growth of corn, which is essential for the survival of this ancient civilization). The schedule was so divided in periods of 52 days (between May 15 and the solstice) and 260 from the solstice to the next first period of Cenital Paso.
260 is a significant number of this calendar which used two wheels: a 365-day and the other fact of which 260 met the same day ( Fuego Nuevo ) after 52 years of the calendar of 365 days and 73 years in one to 260 days.
same number that were also used for other types of astronomical calculations: 52 days 52 years, 260 days, 73 days, 73 years, 8 * 52 is equivalent to 5 rotations of Venus, 3 * 260 is equivalent to a rotation of Mars, etc..
Xochicalco short, has many examples, materialized in his art and his architecture, Mesoamerican concepts associated with the timing and the movement of the stars.
A wonderful harmony between urban and firmament. A must-visit site
especially in this period.
Merry Solstice to all!
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